This is a normal part of growing older, but most people start to develop cataracts after the age of 65. There may be certain things that make it more likely to develop such as:
- Diabetes- May develop cataracts earlier
- Trauma- eye injury can make cataracts develop
- Medications- such as steroids
- High Myopia (being very short sighted)
- Eye conditions such as Retinitis pigmentosa, Glaucoma may cause cataracts
- Eye surgery- surgery for a retinal problem in the affected eye may be affected at some point in the future
Cataracts are treated by surgery, during which the cloudy lens is removed and replaced by an artificial lens. There isn’t any drops or medicine that can remove cataracts. Unfortunately, there’s nothing you can do to stop cataracts developing or getting worse, however it’s a good idea to protect your eyes from ultraviolet light.
If you have cataracts in both eyes, they will be removed separately. One eye will be operated on and once the eye is healed, you’ll have the other eye cataracts removed.
For further information or to arrange a visit to our support centre please call 01245 933572 or email info@support4sight.org.uk. Or visit the RNIB website www.rnib.org.uk
Cataracts FAQs
What are cataracts?
Cataracts are a clouding of the eye’s natural lens, which lies behind the iris and the pupil. Cataracts can lead to a decrease in vision or from seeing at all.
This condition typically develops slowly and can affect one or both eyes.
What causes cataracts?
Cataracts are primarily caused by ageing. They are most common in people who are over 60.
Other factors include diabetes, smoking, prolonged exposure to sunlight, and excessive alcohol consumption. Some cataracts are congenital or develop due to eye injuries or surgeries.
What are the symptoms of cataracts?
Some common symptoms include:
- Blurred vision
- Difficulty seeing at night
- Sensitivity to light and glare
- Fading of colours
How are cataracts diagnosed?
Cataracts are diagnosed through an eye exam, which includes a visual acuity test, a dilated eye exam, and tonometry to measure eye pressure. Your eye doctor may also perform a slit-lamp examination.
Can cataracts be prevented?
While there is no proven way to prevent cataracts, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, wearing sunglasses to protect against UV rays, and avoiding smoking may reduce the risk.
What are the different types of cataracts?
There are several types of cataracts:
- Nuclear Sclerotic Cataracts – affects the centre (nucleus) of the lens.
- Cortical Cataracts – affects the edges.
- Posterior Subcapsular cataracts – affects the back of the lens.
- Congenital Cataracts – present at birth or develop during childhood.
How are cataracts treated?
When cataracts interfere with daily activities, surgery is the only effective treatment to improve your eyesight. During cataract surgery, the cloudy lens is removed and replaced with an artificial one.
What is the recovery time after cataract surgery?
Full recovery can take about 2 to 6 weeks. Your eye doctor will provide specific post-surgery care instructions.
Will I need glasses after cataract surgery?
Many people experience improved vision and may not need glasses for distance vision. However, reading glasses or glasses for close-up tasks may still be necessary.
Can cataracts come back after surgery?
Cataracts do not return after surgery.
However, some people may develop a condition called Posterior Capsular Opacification (PCO). PCO is a common complication that can occur after cataract surgery, where the back of the lens capsule (which holds the artificial lens in place) becomes cloudy, leading to blurred vision. PCO is sometimes referred to as a “secondary cataract,” and it can be effectively treated with a quick and painless laser procedure called YAG laser capsulotomy.
